Explanation
In Japanese business culture, gift-giving (o-rei or o-tsukai) is a deeply ingrained custom to express gratitude, build relationships, and show respect. It is considered polite and almost obligatory when meeting a new client, after a successful deal, or at the end of the year (o-seibo) and mid-year (o-chugen). The gift should be modest, beautifully wrapped, and presented with both hands, accompanied by a humble phrase like 'tsumaranai mono desu ga' (this is a trivial thing).
Local Tip
Always wrap the gift in non-white, non-red paper (avoiding sharp colors like bright red for funerals), and never give a set of four or nine items, as those numbers are associated with death and suffering.
How it compares elsewhere
Gift-giving is common but avoid clocks, umbrellas, and sharp objects; white or black wrapping is taboo.
Gifts are appreciated but should be modest and practical; overly expensive gifts can be seen as bribery.
Gift-giving is polite but avoid alcohol unless you know the recipient's religion; use the right hand only.